June 2, 1852 - "10,641 immigrants arrived by boat during the month of May"  San Francisco Gold Rush Chronology  

June 8, 1852 - "First known labor strike in San Francisco occurred when Chinese laborers working on the Parrott granite building demanded a wage increase. "  San Francisco Gold Rush Chronology  

Studies in the News is a very current compilation of items significant to the Legislature and Governor's Office. It is created weekly by the State Library's Research Bureau to supplement the public policy debate in California’s Capitol. To help share the latest information with state policymakers, these reading lists are now being made accessible through the State Library’s website. This week's list of current articles in various public policy areas is presented below.

Service to State Employees:

• When available, the URL for the full text of each item is provided.

• Items in the State Library collection can be checked out to state officials and staff.

• Access to all materials listed will be provided by the State Information Reference Center, either by e-mail to cslsirc@library.ca.gov or by calling 654-0261.

CRIMINAL JUSTICE & LAW ENFORCEMENT

CAPITAL PUNISHMENT

"Death Sentence Reversals Cast Doubt on System: Courtroom Mistakes Put Executions on Hold." By Howard Mintz. IN: San Jose Mercury News (April 14, 2002) pp. 1A; 18A-19A. And "Cleared by DNA, They Still Suffer." By Sharon Cohen and Deborah Hastings, Associated Press. IN: Sacramento Bee (June 3, 2002) pp. A1, A10.

Full Text at: www.bayarea.com/mld/mercurynews/news/local/3062323.htm

["The Case against the Death Penalty; Errors and inconsistencies in defense lead to many reversals; at least there should be a moratorium on its use: Howard Mintz's review of 15 years of death penalty cases found that for every execution in California, seven death penalty cases were reversed. Over time, about two-thirds of death penalllty verdicts aren't holding up." San Jose Mercury News (April 16, 2002) Op1.]

["An Associated Press examination of what happened to 110 inmates after their convictions were overturned by DNA tests found that, for many of the men, vindication brought neither a happy ending nor a happy beginning."]

[Request #S5116]

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Rural Crime Prevention: Evaluation Shows Some Success. By The Legislative Analyst's Office. (The Office, Sacramento, California) May 21, 2002. 16 p.

Full Text at: www.lao.ca.gov/2002/rural_crime/rural_crime_052102.pdf

["Rural Crime Fighting Examined State Budget Analyst Says Numbers Aren't There to Judge Program's Success: No law enforcement agencies kept specific figures on agricultural-related crimes before the start of the state Rural Crime Prevention Program in the late 1990s. That means there is no way to judge whether the program has decreased crime, the report says." Modesto Bee (May 22, 2002) B1.]

[Request #S5118]

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People of Guam v. Benny Toves Guerrero. United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. No. 00-71247. May 28, 2002. 24 p.

Full Text at: caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data2/circs/9th/0071247p.pdf

[“A Rastafarian -- whose Jamaica-based religion regards marijuana as a sacrament that brings believers closer to divinity -- could not be federally prosecuted for merely possessing marijuana, a decision that upheld a portion of the 1993 Religious Freedom Restoration Act. The same reasoning would apply to drug prosecutions on other federal property.” San Francisco Chronicle (May 29, 2002) [online].]

[Request #S5144]

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America's Identity Crisis: Document Fraud Is Pervasive and Pernicious. By Marti Dinerstein, Center for Immigration Studies. (The Center, New York, New York) April 2002. 12 p.

Full Text at: www.cis.org/articles/2002/back302.pdf

["In 2002, the Census Bureau estimated that 8.7 million people resided in the United States illegally.... Approximately 40 percent ... are overstayers while 60 percent crossed our borders without permission.... Their presence has spawned widespread document and identity fraud ... that threatens our ability to distinguish illegal aliens from U.S. citizens and legal foreign residents.... A national debate has resumed on whether the United States needs a national identity card."]

[Request #S5119]

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CULTURE AND SOCIETY

WOMEN

Failing to Make Ends Meet: A Report on the Economic Status of Women in California. By Inger P. Brinck and Judy Patrick, The Women's Foundation (The Foundation, San Francisco, California) May 2002. 20 p.

Full Text at: www.twfusa.org/report02.pdf

["State Single Women Struggle, Report Says: The report concludes that women are lagging behing men in many areas. Although California has done a better job closing the gap than other states, women in 2000 earned 82 percent of what males earned.... The report offers many recommendations, from extending health care to all state citizens, targeting drop-out prevention programs at minority women and boosting funding for home ownership assistance programs." San Jose Mercury News (May 23, 2002) A17.]

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DEMOGRAPHY

POPULATION

A State of Diversity: Demographic Trends in California's Regions. By Hans P. Johnson, Public Policy Institute of California. California Counts: Population Trends and Profiles, Vol. 3, No. 5. (The Institute, San Francisco, California) May 2002. 16 p.

Full Text at: www.ppic.org/publications/CalCounts12/calcounts12.pdf

["This article uses recent data from the 2000 census to examine similarities and differences in demographic trends and patterns across the nine major regions of the state over the past ten years. It looks in particular at the demographic sources of population growth, relationships between population and job and housing growth, changing racial and ethnic diversity, age structure, and variations in per capita income across regions."]

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EDUCATION

DISABILITIES

IDEA Full Funding Update. By Federal Funds Information for States. FFIS Issue Brief 02-27. (FFIS, Washington, DC) May 7, 2002. 3 p.

["Full funding of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is an issue that remains at the forefront of the congressional agenda.... States ... often view IDEA as an unfunded mandate .... This Issue Brief describes the current funding formula and illustrates what full funding would mean for each state."]

[Request #S5124]

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The California Master Plan for Education: Draft. By the Joint Committee to Develop a Master Plan for Education - Kindergarten Through University. (The Committee, Sacramento, California) May 2002. 75 p.

Full Text at: www.sen.ca.gov/masterplan/020507FINAL_DRAFT_ONE_THE_PLAN.PDF

["This first draft incorporates several, but not all, of the recommendations from the seven work groups. Consequently, the Master Plan is general in nature and lacks the detail contained in the Work Groups' Final Reports. Additionally, the Master Plan document organizes these recommendations under four broad headings: access; achievement; accountability; and affordability making it difficult to identify specific Work Group recommendations." Alert from the California Resource and Referral Network (June 3, 2002).]

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State Master/Strategic Plans for Postsecondary Education. By the Education Commission of the States. (The Commission, Denver, Colorado) December 2001. 18 p.

Full Text at: www.ecs.org/clearinghouse/31/14/3114.pdf

["This ECS StateNote presents information about the following aspects of state master/strategic plans: the most common themes addressed in state master/strategic plans; the state master/strategic plans that address tuition; the states that are currently writing or rewriting new state master/strategic plans; the states that do not have a state master/strategic plan for postsecondary education; and contact information about or Web links for state master/strategic plans."]

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Barbara Grutter v. Lee Bollinger, et al. United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. 2002 FED App. 0170P (6th Cir.). May 14, 2002.

Full Text at: pacer.ca6.uscourts.gov/opinions.pdf/02a0170p-06.pdf

["U.S. Appeals Court Upholds Affirmative Action in Admissions at University of Michigan Law School .... Circuit courts around the nation have issued widely divergent opinions on the subject, and the Sixth Circuit's ruling conflicts with decisions rendered by other federal appeals courts." Chronicle of Higher Education (May 14, 2002)[online].]

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In re Enron Corporation...Regents of the University of California...[and others] v. Kenneth Lay, Jeffrey Skilling... [and others] . United States District Court Southern District of Texas Houston Division. H-01-3624. April 8, 2002 Civil class action, plaintiff's complaint. 503 p.

Full Text at: www.ucop.edu/news/enron/consolidated_complaint.pdf

["Harvard made a profit from Enron's collapse while the U. of California lost $145-million. [University of California] will be the lead plaintiff in a 500-page lawsuit charging 38 of Enron's directors and top executives with defrauding investors of billions of dollars. Also charged in the suit are 28 partners, accountants, and affiliated entities of Arthur Andersen, nine banks, and two law firms." Chronicle of Higher Education. (May 7, 2002)[online].]

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The Use of Admissions Tests by the University of California. By the Board of Admissions and Relations with Schools (BOARS), University of California. 2002. And UC and the SAT: Predictive Validity and the Differential Impact of the SAT I and SAT II at the University of California. By Saul Geiser and Roger Studley, University of California. October 29, 2001. (The University, Oakland, California)

[“[The] standards, put forward after months of study by a UC faculty committee, call for admissions tests that are closely tied to what students are supposed to learn in high school. Originally, the university was talking about developing a California-only admissions exam. But in recent months, the discussion has switched to using ACT and SAT I exams that have been retooled to University of California standards.... Such sweeping changes would require the support of the 74,300 colleges, universities and high schools that are College Board members, plus the approval of the company's board of directors, expected to vote in June.” San Jose Mercury (May 16, 2002)15A.]

The Use of Admissions Tests 18 p.
http://www.ucop.edu/news/sat/boars.pdf

The Use of Admissions Tests - Executive Summary 6 p.
http://www.ucop.edu/news/sat/summary.pdf

UC and the SAT 24 p.
http://www.ucop.edu/sas/research/researchandplanning/pdf/sat_study.pdf

[Request #S5130]

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ENERGY

Protecting California's Residential and Small Business Electricity Consumers. By William Ahern and Janee Briesemeister, Consumers Union. (The Union, San Francisco, California) January 30, 2002. 17 p.

Full Text at: 64.224.99.117/telecom/elecwc102.htm

["Consumers are unlikely to benefit from a complicated choice among competitive electric energy service providers. The experience so far has shown that electric energy providers are not eager to market and sell to small users, and that such providers are unstable and can leave the market when conditions turn unfavorable."]

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Hearing to Examine Manipulation in Western Energy Markets: Testimonies. By Patrick Wood, Chairman, FERC, Terry Winter, CEO, Cal ISO, and others. Presented to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, U.S. Senate. (The Committee, Washington, DC) May 15, 2002. Various pagings.

["Electricity Price Cap Likely to be Extended; Memos on Enron's Market Manipulation Attempt Leads to Change of Heart by Regulators: [Patrick] Wood had indicated a preference to let price limits expire. But that prospect evaporated in the heated political reaction to Enron's disclosure of Enron Corp. memos detailing ploys for gaming California's energy market." Los Angeles Times (May 16, 2002) 3.]

Patrick Wood
http://energy.senate.gov/cfdocs/e_witnesslist.cfm?id=259&wit_id=113

Terry Winter
http://energy.senate.gov/cfdocs/e_witnesslist.cfm?id=259&wit_id=499

other testimony
http://energy.senate.gov/cfdocs/e_witnesslist.cfm?id=259

[Request #S5132]

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Hearing on Examining Enron: Developments Regarding Electricity Price Manipulation in California: Testimonies. By Loretta Lynch, President, California Public Utilities Commission, S. David Freeman, California Power Authority, Richard Sanders, Assistant General Counsel, Enron, and others. Presented to the Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation, U.S. Senate. (The Committee, Washington, DC) May 16, 2002. Various pagings.

[“Power Plays Cost State $30 Billion; Federal Energy Board Urged to Order Immediate Refunds: S. David Freeman called on the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to Order Immediate Refunds to consumers and the state’s depleted treasury…. Loretta Lynch blamed FERC for failing to enforce the law to require that ‘wholesale electric rates be just and reasonable.’” Daily News of Los Angeles (May 16, 2002) N3.]

Lorretta Lynch
http://commerce.senate.gov/hearings/051502lynch.pdf

S. David Freeman
http://commerce.senate.gov/hearings/051502freeman.pdf

Richard Sanders
http://commerce.senate.gov/hearings/051502sanders.pdf

Other Testimony
http://commerce.senate.gov/hearings/hearings0202.htm

[Request #S5133]

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ENVIRONMENT & NATURAL RESOURCES

AGRICULTURE

Commitment to Conservation. By the California Farm Bureau Federation. (The Federation, Sacramento, California) January 2002. Various pagings.

Full Text at: www.cfbf.com/issues/conserv/

["An estimated 75% of private land in California supports habitat.... Nearly all listed species spend at least part of their life cycle on private land.... We have ... [included] examples of the effort taken by many of farmers and ranchers as they work toward promoting healthy wildlife populations on their property."]

[Request #S5135]

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Better Protection of Fish and Wildlife: Improving Fish and Game's CEQA Review. By the Office of the Legislative Analyst. (The Office, Sacramento, California) April 30, 2002. 12 p.

Full Text at: www.lao.ca.gov/2002/ceqa/CEQA_043002.pdf

["The department reports it currently reviews about 40 percent of California Environmental Quality Act documents it receives.... In our review, we found that the Department does not have in place a formalized process or well-defined criteria for prioritizing projects for comment.... It appears that the department often does not follow up on the comments it provides to lead agencies."]

[Request #S5136]

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Parks and Park Funding in Los Angeles: An Equity Mapping Analysis. By Jennifer Wolch, and others, University of Southern California. (The University, Los Angeles, California) May 2002. 30 p.

Full Text at: www.usc.edu/dept/geography/ESPE/parks.pdf

["Too much of the more than $25 million that Los Angeles spends every year to increase and enhance parks goes to areas that need it least, according to a study released by researchers at USC.... The problem is exacerbated by differences rooted in history, according to the report. The city's 1904 zoning code protected the mostly Anglo Westside from industrial uses and high-density housing that were allowed in the city's minority-dominated eastern and southern areas." Los Angeles Times (May 10, 2002) B4.]

[Request #S5137]

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Enchancing Implementation and Oversight: Proposition 40 Resources Bond. By the Legislative Analyst's Office. (The Office, Sacramento, California) May 7, 2002. 16 p.

Full Text at: www.lao.ca.gov/2002/prop_40/prop_40_050702.pdf

["This report looks at Proposition 40 -- a $2.6 billion bond for natural resource conservation, parks and historical and curtural resources that was passed by voters in March. The report makes specific recommendations to further legislative oversight of Proposition 40 expenditures. It calls for the Legislature to review grant criteria, monitor administrative costs, designate a lead agency to coordinate various functions." California Policy Forum NewsWire (May 9, 2002)1.]

[Request #S5138]

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GENERAL GOVERNMENT

EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

Special Report: State Funding for Homeland Security. By the National Association of State Budget Officers. (The Association, Washington, DC) March 7, 2002. 2 p.

Full Text at: www.nasbo.org/Publications/PDFs/state%20funding%20for%20security.pdf

["Since September 11, new programs and funding have been created for state governments to prepare for future terrorist attacks. The additional funding for public health grants for bioterrorism preparedness in fiscal 2002 is underway, with state plans due by April 15th for the current year funding"]

[Request #S5142]

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Security and Safety in Los Angeles High-Rise Buildings After 9/11: Documented Briefing. By Rae W. Archibald and others, Rand Public Safety and Justice. Prepared for the Building Owners and Managers Association of Greater Los Angeles (BOMA) (RAND, Santa Monica, California) 2002. 76 p.

Full Text at: www.rand.org/publications/DB/DB381/DB381.pdf

["High-Rise Terrorism Risk Cited: Los Angeles International Airport and the harbor remain the most vulnerable to terrorist acts, but the report said the high-rise buildings -- though not likely to be primary targets -- could be subject to bombings or other attacks. 'While we don't want to create a bunker mentality, we do feel people need to be made constantly aware of the potential threat.' said (Rae) Archibald, who headed the Rand team."]

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Federal Maritime Commission v. South Carolina State Ports Authority et al. Supreme Court of the United States. No. 01-46. May 28, 2002. 18 p.

Full Text at: laws.findlaw.com/us/000/01-46.html

[“The Court significantly enlarged the scope of the 11th Amendment, which grants immunity to states from private lawsuits. The Supreme Court had never before applied the 11th Amendment, which limits 'the judicial power of the United States,' beyond the courtroom to immunize states from the actions of executive branch agencies. ” San Francisco Chronicle (May 29, 2002) [online].]

[Request #S5145]

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Response to Governor's 2002-2003 Budget and Policy Proposals. By Child Care Law Center. (The Center, San Francisco, California) 2002. 13 p.

Full Text at: www.childcarelaw.org/response_to_governors_budget.htm

["The Governor's Budget for 2002-2003 contains far-reaching proposals to make long-term programmatic changes in programs critical to the lives of low-income children and families. The purpose of this paper is to look at the policy implications of the child care proposals. Child care in California remains a woefully underfunded system and these reforms occur almost completely at the expense of children, low-income families, underpaid workers and struggling child care providers."]

[Request #S5149]

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HEALTH

AIDS

Ryan White 2002 Title II Awards Announced. By Federal Funds Information for States. FFIS Issue Brief 02-25. (FFIS, Washington, DC) April 23, 2002. 4 p.

[The Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency (CARE) Act of 1990 ... provides funding to states and other public and private nonprofit entities to develop, organize, coordinate and operate more effective and cost-efficient systems... [for] medically underserved individuals and families affected by HIV."]

[Request #S5151]

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Sicker and Poorer: the Consequences of Being Uninsured. By Jack Hadley. Urban Institute. Prepared for the Kaiser Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured. (The Commission, Menlo Park, California) May 2002. 144 p.

Full Text at: www.kff.org/content/2002/20020510/4004.pdf

["Study Concludes That The Uninsured Are Treated Differently from Those with Medical Coverage, with Deadly Consequences: Overall, uninsured adults 25 to 64 with a heart attack, cancer, HIV infection or a traumatic injury are 25% more likely to die prematurely than such patients with health insurance." Los Angeles Times (May 22, 2002) 15.]

[Request #S5154]

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Care Without Coverage: Too Little, Too Late. By the Committee on the Consequences of Uninsurance, Board on Health Care Services, Institute of Medicine (National Academy Press, Washington, DC) 2002. 194 p.

Full Text at: www.nap.edu/books/0309083435/html/

["This report examines how being uninsured may lead to delayed diagnosis, life threatening complications, and premature death. Some of the findings include: the uninsured are less likely to receive timely screening services; uninsured adults with HIV infection or AIDS are less likely to receive effective drug therapies that are standard treatment; mentally ill patients with insurance that covers their treatment are more likely to receive appropriate care than those with no insurance." CDF Child Health Information Project (May 24, 2002).]

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HOUSING

AFFORDABLE HOUSING

Meeting Our Nation's Housing Challenges. By the Bipartisan Millenial Housing Commission Appointed by the Congress of the United States (The Commission, Washington, DC) May 30, 2002. 130 p.

Full Text at: www.mhc.gov/mhcfinal.pdf

["This report outlines specific ways to increase the availability of decent, affordable housing for all Americans. The inexorable growth in the numbers of families ... coupled with community opposition to high-density development, the gentrification or deterioration of an increasing percentage of our housing stock, and the growing affordability gap — require that the government of the United States seriously address the question of how our society can produce and preserve more housing for more American families. As affordable housing production is increased within the context of healthy, inclusive communities, the economy is strengthened, more families share common American values, and economic opportunity is increased for many.”]

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HUMAN SERVICES

CHILD CARE

Children Cared For By Relatives: What Do We Know About Their Well-Being? By Amy Billing and others, The Urban Institute (The Institute, Washington, DC) New Federalism: National Survey of America's Families, Series B, No. B-46 (May 2002) 8 p.

Full Text at: www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/310486.pdf

["The well-being of children living in kinship care is examined using two types of comparisons: children living with kin are compared with children living with their parents, and children in low-income relative and parent care households are compared. These findings suggest that systems might be further developed to provide support for families caring for relative children in schools, area offices for the aging, and local community organizations." HandsNet (May 31, 2002)]

[Request #S5158]

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Using the Internet to Make Work Pay for Low-Income Families. By Michael O'Connor, The Brookings Institution, Center on Urban and Metropolitan Policy. (The Institution, Washington, DC) May 2002. 13 p.

Full Text at: www.brook.edu/dybdocroot/es/urban/innovations/welfessay2UseInternet.pdf

["This article reviews factors that contribute to declining participation rates in work support programs, and describes technology that can improve access while reducing administrative burdens. The article also identifies policy options for promoting the use of web-based eligibility assessment tools that should be considered as part of welfare reauthorization."]

[Request #S5161]

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Setting the Record Straight: Social Security Works for Latinos. By Bernard Wasow, The Social Security Network, The Century Foundation. (The Foundation, New York, New York) May 2002. 3 p.

Full Text at: www.socsec.org/facts/Record_Straight/Latinos.pdf

["This short piece looks at the erroneous claims that privatizers use to promote the belief that the privatization of Social Security is best for minorities in general and Latinos in particular." Moving Ideas (May 23, 2002).]

[Request #S5162]

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Life Sentences: Denying Welfare Benefits to Women Convicted of Drug Offense. By Patricia Allard, The Sentencing Project. (The Project, Washngton, DC) 2002. 34 p.

Full Text at: www.sentencingproject.org/news/lifesentences.pdf

["Out of Jail and Out of Food: The study estimates that since the ban went into effect in 1996 92,000 women have been convicted of drug offenses in the states enforcing it. Of these, about two-thirds are mothers, with 135,000 children among them.... The only people hurt by this denial of benefits are the poor, which usually means a minor offender who is an addict and out of jail trying to make it." New York Times (March 21, 2002) 37.]

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[The following studies, reports, and documents have been ordered or requested, but have not yet arrived. Requests may be placed, and copies will be provided when the material arrives.]

ENVIRONMENT & NATURAL RESOURCES

FISH

Effects of Global Warming on Trout and Salmon in U.S. Streams. By Kirkman O'Neal, Abt Associates. Prepared for National Resources Defense Council and Defenders of Wildlife. (Defenders of Wildlife, Washington, DC) May 2002. 44 p.

Full Text at: www.defenders.org/publications/fishreport.pdf

["Two of America's favorite sport fish -- trout and salmon -- are likely to disappear from many of the nation's rivers and streams due to rising water temperatures caused by global warming, a new study says.... Of the 110 California sites examined in the report that currently support trout, as many as 20 percent are expected to be too warm for the sport fish by 2030. For salmon, significant losses are predicted throughout their range, with the biggest impact likely in California." Sacramento Bee (May 22, 2002) A8.]

[Request #S5165]

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GENERAL GOVERNMENT

EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

Protecting the American Homeland. By Michael E. O'Hanlon and others. Brookings Institute. (The Institute, Washington, DC) May 2002. 188 p.

Full Text at: www.brook.edu/dybdocroot/fp/projects/homeland/fullhomeland.pdf

["Brookings Institution Project on Homeland Security: Policy-makers concerned with homeland security must carefully balance the gains from deterring the number and severity of future terrorist attacks against the costs of the security measures.... The broad program we propose overlaps considerably with the Bush administration plan, but one-third differs in important ways." San Diego Union-Tribune (May 12, 2002) G6.]

[Request #S5166]

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POLITICS & PUBLIC POLICY

Rich Democracies: Political Economy, Public Policy, and Performance. By Harold Wilensky. (University of California Press, Berkeley, California) July 2002. 941 p.

["Drawing on quantitative data and case studies covering the last 50 years and more than 400 interviews he conducted with top decision-makers and advisors, the author provides a detailed account of the common social, economic, and labor problems modern governments confront." NOTE: Rich Democracies ... will be available for 3-day loan.]

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